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The filenames, paths, email addresses, and some values below are things you will probably need to change. In some cases, values/names have been used to demonstrate possibilities that you could employ (in a slightly different way). Apart from the -l options, no option should appear on multiple lines.

Directive(s)

Description of purpose

#PBS -c n
#PBS -c s
#PBS -c enabled

No checkpointing to be performed.
Checkpointing is to be done on a job at pbs_mom shutdown.
Checkpointing is allowed but must be explicitly invoked by a qhold or qchkpt command.

#PBS -d /fast/jc123456

Defines the working directory path to be used for the job.

#PBS -j oe
#PBS -o /tmp/output.$PBS_O_JOBID

Merge standard output and standard error streams into the named file.

#PBS -l pmem=8gb
#PBS -l nodes=1:ppn=2
#PBS -l walltime=24:00:00

Request that 4GB of memory be reserved for the batch job.
Request that 2 CPU cores on 1 host be reserved for the batch job.
Advise the scheduler that this job will have completed within 24 hours.

#PBS -l nodes=2 -I -X

Request 2 CPU cores that can be used for interactive job(s).
Note: Our 2 login nodes each provide 18 CPU cores and 64GB of memory for running interactive jobs (without qsub).

#PBS -m ae
#PBS -M john.doe@jcu.edu.au
#PBS -M joe.blogg@my.jcu.edu.au

Send mail at batch job abort/exit to the Email address provided.

#PBS -N job_name

Assign a name (job_name) to the batch job

#PBS -q normal
#PBS -q bigmem

Specify the queue into which your job will be placed.
Note: The bigmem queue targets two nodes only, long delays can be experienced before your job is run.

#PBS -V

Export environment variables to the batch job

While defaults exist for many options, HPC staff ask researchers to specify CPU core, memory, and walltime requirements as accurately as possible.

A -W option can be used for more complicated tasks such as job dependencies, stage-in and stage-out. Researchers may wish to consult with HPC staff with regard to use of the -W options. A man qsub will provide more information and more options than provided above.

The variables listed in the table below are commonly used within a PBS script file.

Variable

Description

PBS_JOBNAME

Job name specified by the user

PBS_O_WORKDIR

Working directory from which the job was submitted

PBS_O_HOME

Home directory of user submitting the job

PBS_O_LOGNAME

Name of user submitting the job

PBS_O_SHELL

Script shell

PBS_O_JOBID

Unique PBS job id

PBS_O_HOST

Host on which job script is running

PBS_QUEUE

Name of the job queue

PBS_NODEFILE

File containing line delimited list on nodes allocated to the job

PBS_O_PATH

Path variable used to locate executables within the job script

Note: On multi-core systems, a node (line in PBS_NODEFILE) will identify the hostname and a CPU core.

This example runs PAUP on the input file input.nex that resides in the current working directory. A file (here we'll name it pbsjob) is created with the contents:

#!/bin/bash
#PBS -c s
#PBS -j oe
#PBS -m ae
#PBS -N jobname
#PBS -l pmem=5gb
#PBS -l walltime=500:00:00
#PBS -M your.name@jcu.edu.au

ncpu=`wc -l $PBS_NODEFILE | awk '{print $1}'`
echo "------------------------------------------------------"
echo " This job is allocated "$ncpu" CPU cores on "
cat $PBS_NODEFILE | uniq
echo "------------------------------------------------------"
echo "PBS: Submitted to $PBS_QUEUE@$PBS_O_HOST"
echo "PBS: Working directory is $PBS_O_WORKDIR"
echo "PBS: Job identifier is $PBS_JOBID"
echo "PBS: Job name is $PBS_JOBNAME"
echo "------------------------------------------------------"
 
cd $PBS_O_WORKDIR
source /etc/profile.d/modules.sh
module load paup
paup -n input.nex

To submit the job for execution on a HPRC compute node simply enter the command:

qsub pbsjob

If you know this job will require more than 4GB but less than 8GB of RAM, you could use the command:

qsub -l nodes=1:ppn=2 pbsjob

If you know this job will require more than 8GB but less than 16GB of RAM, you could use the command:

qsub -l nodes=1:ppn=8 pbsjob

The reason for the special cases (latter two) is to guarantee memory resources for your job. If memory on a node is overallocated, swap will be used. Job(s) that are actively using swap (disk) to simulate memory could take more than 1000 times longer to finish than a job running on dedicated memory. In most cases, this will mean your job will never finish.

Using Job Arrays

Users with a knowledge of shell scripting (e.g., bash) may choose to take advantage of job arrays. This feature significantly reduces load on our Torque/Maui server (compared to lots of individual job submissions). The example below (assume the file name is pbsjob), will only be useful as a guide

#!/bin/bash
#PBS -c s
#PBS -j oe
#PBS -m ae
#PBS -N jobarray
#PBS -M your.name@jcu.edu.au
#PBS -l pmem=2gb
#PBS -l walltime=9:00:00

cd $PBS_O_WORKDIR
source /etc/profile.d/modules.sh
module load matlab
matlab -r myjob$PBS_ARRAYID

Issuing the command

qsub -S /bin/bash -t 1-8 pbsjob

will see 8 jobs run under one major identifier. To view status of individual jobs in the array. The above example is identical (in terms of what jobs would be executed) to the one in the "Do It Yourself" section below.

Chances are you may need more advanced features of the scripting language than what is shown above. HPRC staff will endeavour to provide assistance with job arrays, if requested.

Do It Yourself

There are several legitimate reasons for wanting to run multiple single processor jobs in parallel within a single PBS script. For example, you may want to run 8 MATLAB jobs which require a toolbox that only has 4 licensed users. Only 1 MATLAB license is checked out if all 8 jobs are run on the same system. An example PBS script to do this task would look like

#!/bin/bash
#PBS -c s
#PBS -j oe
#PBS -m ae
#PBS -N jobname
#PBS -M your.name@jcu.edu.au
#PBS -l walltime=1000:00:00
#PBS -l nodes=1:ppn=8
#PBS -l pmem=32gb

ncpu=`wc -l $PBS_NODEFILE`
echo "------------------------------------------------------"
echo " This job is allocated "$ncpu" CPU cores on "
cat $PBS_NODEFILE | uniq
echo "------------------------------------------------------"
echo "PBS: Submitted to $PBS_QUEUE@$PBS_O_HOST"
echo "PBS: Working directory is $PBS_O_WORKDIR"
echo "PBS: Job identifier is $PBS_JOBID"
echo "PBS: Job name is $PBS_JOBNAME"
echo "------------------------------------------------------"

cd $PBS_O_WORKDIR
source /etc/profile.d/modules.sh
module load matlab
matlab -r myjob1 &
matlab -r myjob2 &
matlab -r myjob3 &
matlab -r myjob4 &
matlab -r myjob5 &
matlab -r myjob6 &
matlab -r myjob7 &
matlab -r myjob8 &
wait    # Wait for background jobs to finish.

To submit the job for execution on a HPRC compute node simply enter the command:

qsub pbsjob

Note: The echo commands in the PBS script example above are informational only.

#!/bin/bash
#PBS -V
#PBS -m abe
#PBS -N migrate
#PBS -l pmem=62GB
#PBS -l nodes=1:ppn=24
#PBS -l walltime=240:00:00
#PBS -M your.email@my.jcu.edu.au
cd #PBS_O_WORKDIR
module load openmpi
module load migrate
mpirun -np 24 -machinefile $PBS_NODEFILE migrate-n-mpi ...

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